不谅 (bù liàng) is an adjective meaning 'unforgiving' or 'unsympathetic', describing a person’s rigid, judgmental attitude toward others’ mistakes or shortcomings. The character 不 means 'not' or 'un-', while 谅 means 'to forgive', 'to understand', or 'to empathize'. Together, they form a classical and somewhat literary compound expressing moral inflexibility—often implying disapproval rooted in principle rather than mere pettiness.

This term appears most frequently in formal writing, historical narratives, or critical commentary—rarely in casual speech. It carries a subtle negative connotation, suggesting emotional coldness or excessive rigidity, especially when compassion or leniency would be more appropriate. While it can describe personal disposition, it’s also used to characterize institutions, policies, or social norms perceived as harsh or devoid of mercy.