‘神似’ (shénsì) literally combines ‘shén’ (spirit, essence, or inner vitality) and ‘sì’ (to resemble). Unlike ‘形似’ (xíngsì), which means physical or superficial resemblance, ‘神似’ emphasizes capturing the inner quality, spirit, or essential nature of something — whether a person, animal, artwork, or idea. It’s often used in art criticism, literature, and everyday comparisons where authenticity of character matters more than outward accuracy.

This term is especially common when describing portraits, animal depictions, or performances that convey lifelike presence without strict realism — for example, a painting of a tiger that doesn’t replicate every stripe but radiates ferocity and majesty. It reflects a core Chinese aesthetic value: prioritizing expressive truth over literal fidelity. The phrase frequently appears in formal writing and cultural commentary, though it’s also used conversationally to praise someone’s insightful imitation or intuitive understanding.