羽翼 literally means 'feathers and wings'—'羽' (yǔ) refers to feathers, especially those covering a bird’s body, while '翼' (yì) specifically means wing, the anatomical structure enabling flight. Together, they form a compound noun that primarily denotes the physical wings of birds or flying creatures, often used in literary, poetic, or formal contexts rather than casual speech.

Beyond its concrete meaning, 羽翼 also carries a strong metaphorical sense: 'support', 'backing', or 'influential allies'. This figurative use stems from the idea of wings providing lift and protection—so people described as someone’s 羽翼 are trusted assistants, mentors, or powerful supporters who help advance another’s goals. It frequently appears in historical texts, political discourse, and business writing, where relationships of patronage or strategic alliance are emphasized.